wdmiq .kak neß tl''
O¾uisß nKavdrkdhl ^mqrjeis n,h& ,xldj oeka tl rgla lshd iïnkaOkag úmlaI kdhllu Èh hq;=hhs lE.ioaÈ" Bg l,ska à tka ta tfla tan%yï iquka;srka fl¢ß.Efõ Tjqkag ´kE n,h mejÍula ñi n,h fn§ula fkdjk njh' Tyqg wkqj n,h mejÍula lshkafka th ÿka mqoa.,hdg wdmiq .; fkdyelsjk wdldrfha äfjd¨Ika fjÜgqjlgh'
WodyrKhla jYfhka lshf;d;a hï ;reKshla wef.a fmïj;dg wef.a lkHd Ndjh mjrd ÿkafkd;a wehg th ljodj;au wdmiq ,nd.; fkdyelsh' fuys§ ug u;la jkafka ta ld,fha 1960 .Kka j, *s,slaia vhia weu;s;=ud lshd isá z,sÜ,a ìÜ T*a älafÜg¾Isma ^*a,¾áka ú;a älafÜg¾Isma& Bia ´ flaz hhs lshmq l;djh'
2002 § rks,a yd m%Ndlrka .eiqfõo fmdhskaÜ T*a fkda ßg¾ka idu .súiqula jqjo m%Ndlrkaf.a fudav lEor ;Èhu ksid fj,dj tk;=re *,¾Ü lr lr bkakg ;rï m%Ndlrkag bjiSula fkdjQfhah' ueß,ska fudkafrda jrla lshQ wkaoug fcdaka t*a flkägo weh iu. *,¾Ü lr lr bkak fõ,djla fkd;snqKs' wka;sfï§ weh ishÈú kid.;af;ah' fï jf.au m%Ndlrkago fyñka fyñka hkjd fjkqjg mqok fldgu ldñ hldùfï" kfuda kfuda ;ka;dhs f¾ma lsÍfï" l,n,hla ;snqKs' tfia fkdjkakg wo geñ,a kdâ we;=¿ ,xldfõ W;=re kef.kysr yd l÷lrfha fldgil rcd m%Ndlrka h' ;%sl=Kdu<h wefußlka kdúl l|jqrls' isxy, lE,a, ol=Kq wdishdfõ m,ia;Skh ù wkqrdOmqrfha;a" fmdf<dkakrefõ;a" kqjr t<sfha;a" uyshx.kfha;a udhsï igka ^fndav¾ wegElaia& j,g ysrùh'
iquka;srkaf.a fï l;dj w.ue;s ùfï§ rks,a uy;d úiska m%isoaêfha lshjQ 7 jk fIvQ,a Èjqreï fm;aifï weianeka÷ï iajNdjh fudkjg t,slrhs' ,xldj n,d.kakd i;rjrï foújre bkakjd lshkafka fï ksid fkdfõo@ wms talSh rdcHhlg… wms talSh rdcHhlg… lsh lshd uyckhdf.a ^isxy, fn!oaOhdf.a yd ÿmam;a lf;da,slhdf.a& weiaj,g je,s .ikakg mq¿jk' 13 ixfYdOkhg tyd hkafka ke;ehs lshkakgo mq¿jk' fïjd lshkakg olaIhd" hqoaO lrk Ydia;%ho fyd¢ka okakd ,laIauka lsße,af,ah' kuq;a 13 ixfYdOkh hgf;au iquka;srka b,a,k wr wdmiq .kakg neß foa fokakg mq¿jka nj ffu;%Smd, ckdêm;s;=udg fmkajd §ug wvq ;rñka pïmsl rKjlj;a iu;a fõúo@ r;k yduqÿrejkag;a udÿ¿jdfõ yduqÿrejkag;a oekaj;a fuh fmkShdúo@
uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d oekakï ^pkao follg miqj& mdvula bf.k f.k we;s nj fmfka' kS;sh hgf;a" 13 hgf;a" pkaohla Èh hq;=h lshd jdiqfoajf.a fyda kdu,a rdcmlaI kï kS;s{hdf.a fyda ,Kqjla ld Tyq ú.afkaYajrkag W;=r Ndr lf,ah' fuh 2002 rks,a l, Ndr§ug jvd Nhdkl úh' ú.afkaYajrka ÈkQ od isgu lshkafka fca'wd¾f.a jHjia:dj Tjqka ms<s fkd.kakd njh' fï wkqj uyskao kS;shla .ek;a" ú.afkaYajrka wjkS;shla .ek;a l;d lf,ah' fndgï ,hska tl kï fjiaika;r flfkla fjkakg f.dia isß ix>fnda flfkla njg rfÜ ckdêm;s jegqk njh' wd¾ fma%uodia yd ñisia pkao%sldo fufiau óg l,ska isß ix>fnda jQ wh fkdfõo@ fudjqka rg lEfõh'
ffjÍ foaYmd,kh fjkqjg iïuq;sjd§ foaYmd,khla .ek ffu;%Smd, ckdêm;s;=ud foaYkd l<;a" w¿;a md¾,sfïka;=fõ w.ue;s rks,a yeisfrkafka fuod ief¾ fokj nefÜ ^fyd| fyd| kegqï t<sfjka cdfug& hk cdkfhka Wv mksñka nj fmfka' jdiqfoaj uy;d l,ska lsjq jpkh fjkqjg oeka lshkafka rks,a j,xlfâ f.dfklajf.a lshdh' fydrekaf.ka msÍ md¾,sfïka;=j rks,a is;kafka oeka j÷rkaf.ka msÍ we;sh lshdh' ud kï is;kafka 1948 ka miqj ,xldj md,kh lr we;af;a isxy, j÷rka h lshdh' fndfyda úg t<smsákq;a" ks;ru ryis.;j;a" 1921 fmdkakïn,ï wreKdp,ï wdrïNl, ,xldj folg leãfï jHdmdrh wo fndaïnfhka fkdj mEfkka lr.ekSug bv ie,iS we;'
isxy, kdhlhska kue;s ks,a" fld< yd r;= fld<U j÷rka ^l¿ iqoaoka& ^1948 ka miq wdmq w.ue;s" ckdêm;sjre& mqoa.,sl jdish i|yd rg mdjd fooa§ 1921" 1935" 1949" 1976 hk uhs,a fmdaiaÜ we;sj fou< cd;sjd§ mlaI tl fyda fol f¾,a mdr Wv fiñka wefok fldaÉÑhla fia ish b,lalh lrd ,Ûd fjñka isà' fndaïn u.ska th .kakg fp,ajkdh.ï wkqu;lf,a ;%ia;jdÈfhl=f.a ms,suhlg u,aud,djla oudh' bka miq wñ¾;,sx.ï,d" l=ud¾ fmdkakïn,ï,d yd kS,ka ;srefp,ajï,d urK f;lau Tjqkag fï fndaïn ldrhska ys; Wäka fyda ys; háka wj¾ fndahsia,d úh' wjqreÿ 33 lg miq th fl<jrúh' oeka 2009 uehs 27 ðkSjd fldñiug 13 ta l%shdjg ke.Sug fmdfrdkaÿùu;a iu. yd 13 ta wkqj ú.afkaYajrkag n,h mjrd§u;a iu. fldaÉÑh m,a,ul fí%la .iñka hhs' wr wdmiq .kak neßfoa ^uia rd;a;,u& b,a,kafka ta ksidh' wñ¾;,ska.ï t,smsg igka l,;a iïnkaOka YqlaIu tkaðka v%hsj¾ flfkla nj fmfka' rfÜ ckdêm;s" rfÜ w.ue;s Tyqg iqlaldkula § we;'
úreoaO mlaIfha kdhllug m;alr ;sfnk mlaIfha pkao m%ldYkfha ;sfhk lreKq 4 l=ulao@ ^1& fou< ck;djg iajhxmd,k whs;sh we; ^2& W;=re kefÛkysr m,d;a fol tla l, hq;=h ^3& talSh fjkqjg fmvr,a l%uhla we;sl, hq;=h ^4& hqo wmrdO .ek cd;Hka;r úu¾Ykhla l, hq;=h' l,ska wj¾ fndahsia,d úYafkaYajrkag wkqj fou< lemafmÜáfmd,,dh' à tka ta by; pkao m%ldYkh ksl=;al, /iaùfï§ m%Ndlrkaf.a ku lshjqk yeu úgu úis,a yd w;afmdf,dika kdoh' m%Ndlrkaf.a ku kej; kej; lSu yeu l;dldrhdf.au wruqK úh' m%cd;ka;%jdofha r`. tfiah'
fj,a.u kue;s mqoa.,hd úmlaI kdhl lug kqiqÿiq pß;hla we;af;ls' tfy;a ta fjkqjg f.kd iïnkaOka uka;%Ska 16 la isák mj;sk wdKavqjgu iïnkaO flfkls' ol=fKa hQ tka mS tl ÈKqfõ Tjqkaf.a fou< pkao ksidh' úmlaIh úh hq;= uyskao ma,ia fyda uhskia b;sß mrK ks,a lÜáhh'
rks,a w.ue;s we;=¿ fndfyda fokd fnda¾ka wf.aka fmvr,a ldrhska h' fï wdKavqj fï ief¾ kï fyd| neghla fokq we;' w.ue;s" lre chiQßh yd iïnkaOka th fyd¢ka l<ukdlrKh lrkakg hk nj meyeÈ,sh' md¾,sfïka;=j we;=f,a yd bka msg isxy, fn!oaO n,fõ.hla f.dv fkdke.=fkd;a wjqreÿ 5 bjrù ó,`.g ks,a wdKavqjla yok njg ffu;%S yd uyskao 64 ixj;airfha§ lshk l;d 7 fIvQ,a tl hgf;a rks,a ÿka talSh Èjqreï fm;aiu jf.au weia neka÷ula muKh' fudjqka ;=ka fokdf.kau f.ka fíÍug yelsjkafka isxy, fn!oaO n,fõ.hla u.ska muKh' fndÿ ck fmruqK h<s;a w¿ .id taúo@ kej; fidau yduqÿrekula taúo@
jd¾.sl fou< fyda uqia,sï ckhdg lsis ysßyerhla fkdl, hq;=h' tfy;a fï Èjhsk isxy, fn!oaO rg nj;a fuu isxyf,a g 1815 § wysñl,foa 1948 § fyda bkamiq wdmiq kej; fkd,enqK nj;a ft;sydisl i;Hhls' kQ;k wjYH;djhkag wkql+,j hï hï ixfYdOk iys;j isxy, fn!oaOhskaf.ka W÷rd.;a whs;sjdislï Tjqkag kej; ,nd§u " fï rfÜ fiiq jd¾.sl ck fldgiaj,g lrk ydkshla" fjkialula" udkj whs;sjdislï lvlsÍula fkdfõ' 29 ^2& j.ka;sh wkqj i¾ whsfjda¾ fcksxkaiaf.a lSug ã tia fiakdkdhlf.ka wdrïNjQ fld<U isxy, l%sia;shdks l¿ iqÿ hqfrdamhg wdjvk md,k)iudc l%uh fjkqjg oeka 2015 wf.daia;= isg iïuq;s foaYmd,khla ffu;%S ckdêm;sg wdrïNl, yelsh' Tyq uyskao oukhla lr wjidkh' Tyqg blauKskau fyda m%udoj" leue;af;ka fyda wlue;af;ka rks,a oukhlao lsÍug isÿjk nj ksielh'
Èjhsfka jd¾.sl m%Yakhg úi÷u iïuq;sjd§ foaYmd,khh' ,sÉpú udj;h' idlÉpdjh' ñksiqka l=vd mßudK tall jYfhka ^.ï" mxphd;a" ck iNd& idlÉpdlr tlÛ;djhlg tauh' mlaI foaYmd,kh fyda Widú j, oeka kvq úi|k l%uh fyda fkdj" idu uKav, l%uhh' fuh Íikn,akia fyj;a nqoaOd.fï uOHu m%;smodjh' ckdêm;s;=ud lshk ffjÍ foaYmd,kh w;ayeßhhq;= mlaI foaYmd,kfhka muKla fkdj isxy,)fou<)uqia,sï ldKav úiskq;a h' fuhg ndOd jkafka fjku fou< rgla i|yd jk geñ,a kdâ yd f.da,Sh fou< igkg ,xldj mg,jd ;sîuh' wks;a lreK bia,dï Ydßhd jydì jHdma;jdohh' whq;= l%sia;shdkslrKho óg jl%j iïnkaOh'
iajhxmd,khla b,a,k wh" bkaÈhdjg;a fjkia wdldrfha fmvr,a b,a,k wh" wdmiq .kakg neß n,;, ;ukag mjrk f,i b,a,kúg ta i|yd rks,a-ux.,-rdð;-ä,dka m%uqL msßila l%shdlrkjdkï th rfÜ fn,a, lemSuls' fudjqka rg levQ miq fudjqkaf.a fn,a, lmd jevla ke;' ta ksid th fn!oaO kd.rdchdf.a l%uhg j<lajd oirdc O¾uhg wkqj úi÷ula iemhsh hq;=h' fujeks úi÷ï l%uhla ysgmq ckdêm;sg bÈßm;al,;a" W.;a mdvï yd ixys¢hd fldñiug fmkajd ÿkak;a neis,a rdcmlaI yd ,,s;a ùr;=x. hk fokakd th lvd lmam,a lf,ah' fuu w¿;a úi÷ï l%uh wkqj Èjhsfka .%du fiajl jiï 14"000 ^fma%uodia ckdêm;s th 4"000 isg 14"000 olajd jeä lf,ah" f,dalfha fldfyaj;a fujeks jeälsÍula isÿj ke;& iajdNdúl udhsï ^c,h wdY%s;j& ^bfldf,dðl,a njqkavÍia& wkqj kej; fnod w¿;ska ìysjk tall ixLHdj ck iNd jYfhka y÷kdf.k tajdg ñksiqkaf.a tÈfkod Ôjk lghq;=j,g wod, ;SrK .ekSfï n,h mjrKq ,efí' ck iNdjla mlaI foaYmd,kfhka f;drj f;dard.;a oi fofkl=f.a fldñáhla u.ska yiqrjkq ,nhs'
fuu ck iNd tl;=jlska ue;sjrK n, m%foaYhla iefoa' wks;a w;g fï ck iNd j, tl;=jlska oeka ;sfnk wdldrfha md,k Èia;%sla yd m,d;a iod.; yelsh' rg folg lefâh hk isxy, ñksiqkaf.a idOdrK NS;sh ke;s lsÍug;a" fou< fmdÿ wNsm%dhka ^wNs,dY" weiamsf¾Ikaia& bgqlr.ekSug hhs iuyr fou< kdhlhska lrk W;aidyhg wjysr fkdlsÍug;a yelsjk f,i fukau rfÜ mßirhg yd NQf.da, úoHdjg wkql+, jk wdldrhg;a 1832 § hqoafOdmdhuh lD;su fn§ula f,i mgka.;a m,d;a kuh fjkqjg fuu ck iNdj, tl;=jlska Èjhsk .x`.d fødaKs y;lg fnÈh yelsh' fufia tla tla ck iNdjl udhsu ;SrKh jkafka NdIdj fyda wd.u wkqj fkdj iajNdúl ks¾Kdhlhla u;h' tfia jqj;a tjeks ck iNdjla ;=, ìysjk ck jd¾.sl ixhq;sh úúOdldr úh yelsh' iuyrl 90] lau o%úv yskaÿ úh yelsh' iuyrl 90] uqia,sï úh yelsh' ;j;a iuyrl" fld<U k.rfha§ fuka 65] fou< yd uqia,sï úh yelsh' jeo.;a lreK kï tajd cd;sh fyda wd.u wkqj we;s l, tall fkdùuh'
ixys¢hdj we;s lsÍu i|yd .kakd l%shd ioaNdjfhka .ekSu muKla fkdiEfya' tajd fome;a;gu ñi tl me;a;g hk ;SrK fkdúh hq;=h' iïmQ¾ bvï wdmiq §u" uqr fmd,j,a bj;a lsÍu" hqo ch.%yKh fkdieuÍu hkd§ j;=r ìkaÿ j,ska idu l<h msrùug bv we;' tfy;a fydr fmïjf;la bkakd ìß|f.a ys; .ekSug wehg r;a;rka ud," l+re" j<Æ wrka mqokjd fuka rks,a-ux.,-rdð;,d ke;;a ckdêm;sjrhd" wdmiq .kakg neß mejÍï lsÍug is;Sug fmr oeka ;sfnk 13 ta fi,a,u hgf;a fmdhskaÜ T*a fkda ßg¾ka j,g hkakg fyd|gu bv we;snj f;areï .; hq;=h' wks;a lreK kï iïuq;sjd§-,sÉpú l;d yd l%shdj w;r mEiaiSula ;sìh hq;= ùuh' yjq,a wdKavqjlg cd;sl wdKavqjla hhs fkdlsh hq;=h' weu;slï m.d f,i fkdÈh hq;=h' p;=rdrHH i;Hh yd wd¾h wIagdx.sl ud¾.h wkqj hd hq;=h' 1921" 1949" 1976 isg hk fldaÉÑh k;r lr,d ke;' th k;r lr f¾,amdro .,jd oeñh hq;=h'
fuys§ wu;l fkdl, hq;= ;j;a lreKla kï uka;%S,d" ,ehsia;= uka;%S,d" úl%undyq,d yefrk úg ñisia pkao%sldf.a isg mrK fmvr,a" fï hqoaOh kï ljodj;a Èkkakg nE lshQ ks,OdÍka negE,shka tllau rdcH;ka;%fha b;d jeo.;a yeu ;eklgu oud ;sîuh' mdialr,ska.ï mjd wdmiq meñK we;' yi,l ùrhska Ôú;h ÿkafka fï cd;sl wdKavq lv;=rdj yryd fï negE,shka tlg fuod ief¾ fokj nefÜ lshd lshkakg fkdúh hq;=h'
-pkao%isß úchúl%u-
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